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Pop title/icon stack (CSI 23 ; 0 t)

Category: device · Baseline: rich · Tags: Xterm Extensions · Specification ↗

ESC [ 23 ; 0 t
XTWINOPS subcode 23 pops the most recent title and icon label from the internal stack pushed by CSI 22 t. The sequence is CSI 23 ; 0 t (pop both), CSI 23 ; 1 t (pop icon only), or CSI 23 ; 2 t (pop title only). Always paired with a matching CSI 22 t push earlier in the session. Used by long-running TUI applications (vim, tmux, ssh) to restore the original window title on exit. Push/pop is preferred over query/restore (CSI 21 t followed by OSC 2) because it doesn't expose the saved title to user-space processes — many modern terminals refuse to report titles for security but happily maintain a private title stack.
How this is testedpartial
Send \x1b[22;0t followed by \x1b[23;0t, verify both sequences are consumed and the terminal stays responsive.

The same probe runs against headless backends (via Termless) and real terminal apps (via a daemon launched in each terminal). This lets us distinguish parser correctness from rendering correctness.

Analysis2026-04-06

Supported by 8 of 9 terminals (89%). Not supported by: Alacritty. Part of the Rich TUI baseline. Notes: Alacritty: Title stack not implemented by alacritty.

Supported by 9 of 14 backends (64%)

Terminal Applications

TerminalVersionSupportNotes
iTerm23.6.9✓ yesSequence consumed; terminal responsive
Ghostty1.3.1✓ yesSequence consumed; terminal responsive
Terminal.app2.15✓ yesSequence consumed; terminal responsive
Kitty0.46.2✓ yesTitle stack not exposed via Python batch bridge
VS Code1.113.0? unknown
Warp0.2026.03.18.08.24.03? unknown
Cursor2.6.21? unknown

Headless Backends

Parser correctness only — a means the parser accepts the sequence.

BackendVersionSupportNotes
vt100.js0.2.1✓ yes
vterm0.2.0✓ yes
xterm.js5.5.0✓ yes
WezTerm0.1.0-fork.5~ partialTitle stack pop not exposed in headless mode
Alacritty0.26.0✗ noTitle stack not implemented by alacritty